Phthalic anhydride is a principal commercial form of phthalic acid. The zinc chloride should not be exposed to the air. One of the main uses of phthalic anhydride is the production of “phthalate” plasticizers such as Vestinol 9 DINP (DiIsoNonyl Phthalate) which are used to produce flexible PVC (Vinyl) products. Small volume uses for PA include the manufacture of dyes and pigments, detergents, herbicides and insecticides, fire retardants, saccharin and polyester resin cross-linking agents. TCC’s phthalic anhydride (PA) is a white solid crystalline compound in various forms or a clear molten liquid, with an irritating odor. Phthalic anhydride is the anhydride of phthalic acid. In 2000, the worldwide production volume was estimated to be about 3 million tonnes per year. Acid anhydrides are used in a variety of chemical processes but particularly in epoxy resins. (1) Phthalic anhydride is used in the synthesis of primary amines, the agricultural fungicide phaltan, and thalidomide. Click here for information on selection of N, R, or P filters. PHTAN) is the anhydride of phthalic acid. Phthalic acid is produced by the catalytic oxidation of naphthalene or ortho-xylene directly to phthalic anhydride and a subsequent hydrolysis of the anhydride. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. PubChem Substance ID … Phthalic definition, of or derived from phthalic acid. Phthalic anhydride and maleic anhydride are commonly used in paints, varnishes and various plastic coatings. It reacts with strong oxidants and responds violently when heated with copper oxide or sodium nitrite, to cause an explosion hazard. The second largest outlet for PA is in unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) which are usually blended with glass fibers to produce fiberglass-reinforced plastics. Add water (about 50 ml) to disintegrate the solid. Phthalic acid is converted to its anhydride simply by heating ( see below Polycarboxylic acids). … Step 2: Preparat… This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Phthalic acid is used mainly in the form of the anhydride to produce other chemicals such as dyes, perfumes, saccharin, phthalates and many other useful products. *, Up to 60 mg/m3: (APF = 10) Any particulate respirator equipped with an N95, R95, or P95 filter (including N95, R95, and P95 filtering facepieces) except quarter-mask respirators. Heat the flask on an oil bath/sand bath/heating mantle at 130-135°C till the contents melts, froth up and become solid. The para isomer, terephthalic acid, is also used to make polymers—namely, polyesters (see below Derivatives of carboxylic acids: Carboxylic esters). 3. Phthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H4(CO2H)2. Phthalic anhydride reacts violently with CuO at elevated temperatures [Park, Chang-Man, Richard J. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Arch Gewerbepath Gewerbehyg 13:419-453 (in German). Please call (401) 360-2800 for details. The product is phenolphthalein. Other reactions with phthalic anhydride yield phenolphthalein, benzoic acid, TCC’s Phthalic Anhydride is available for shipping throughout the continental United States with one (1) week lead time. Phthalic anhydride is also used as a precursor of anthraquinone, phthalein, rhodamine, phthalocyanine, fluorescein, and xanthene dyes. … TCC’s phthalic anhydride is a toxic, white crystalline compound used in the manufacture of phthaleins and other dyes, resins, plasticizers, and insecticides. It will, for example, react readily with alcohols on warming, yielding initially the “half-esters” of phthalic acid, the alkyl hydrogen phthalates (XII). Phthalic anhydride is a versatile intermediate in organic chemistry, in part because it is bifunctional and readily available. It is presently obtained by catalytic oxidation of ortho–xylene or naphthalene. 20:790. Northbrook, IL: Biofax Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. 5. This colorless solid is an important industrial chemical, especially for the large–scale production of plasticizers for plastics. Click here for information on selection of N, R, or P filters.*/. A well-known application of this reactivity is the preparation of the anthroquinone dye quinizarin by reaction with para–chlorophenol followed by hydrolysis of the chloride. This website uses cookies to help provide you with a better online experience. Phthalic Anhydride Spec TCC – Click To Download. 3rd ed., Volumes 1-26. Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. Phthalic anhydride is the anhydride of phthalic acid. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 28:395-398. In acidic medium phenolphthalein is colourless. Data compiled as indicated in comments: ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein DH- Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing 230°C, yield about 92%.2,3 Note:Concentrated ammonia solution can be used in place of urea. 4. & Ind. MDL number MFCD00005918. 7. Reactions of Phthalic Anhydride. In: Hygienic guide series. Baader EW [1955]. Place a round bottom flask filled with water on top of the beaker and increase the temperature to dehydrate the phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride. Phthalic anhydride is widely used in industry for the production of certain dyes. Saving Lives, Protecting People, The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, A – NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens, B – Thirteen OSHA-Regulated Carcinogens, D – Substances with No Established RELs, E – OSHA Respirator Requirements for Selected Chemicals, G – 1989 Air Contaminants Update Project: Exposure Limits NOT in Effect, Type C & CE – Definitions for Type C and Type CE Respirators, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: Phthalic anhydride, 85-44-9. Go To: Top, References, Notes Data compilation copyrightby the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A.All rights reserved. When separating the phthalic anhydride from production by products such as o–xylene in water, or maleic anhydride, a series of “switch condensers” is required. PA is soluble in alcohol and carbon disulphide. CDC twenty four seven. It is slightly soluble in hot water, hydrolysing to Phthalic Acid. Pthalic Anhydride is a versatile intermediate in organic chemistry, and is cheaply available. Undergoes exothmeric nitration with fuming nitric acid-sulfuric acid and may give mixtures of the potentially explosive phthaloyl nitrates or nitrites or their nitro derivatives [Chem. …aromatic dicarboxylic acids are called phthalic, isophthalic, and terephthalic acid, for the ortho, meta, and para isomers, respectively. Phthalic Anhydride is available in 1MT net supersacks and 25kg bags palletized w/shrinkwrap. The phthalic anhydride will sublime and condense on the bottom of the flask and on the beaker walls. Phthalic anhydride is the principal commercial form of phthalic acid and it is presently manufactured by catalytic air oxidation of o-xylene or naphthalene. Click here for information on selection of N, R, or P filters. Phthalic anhydride is presently obtained by catalytic oxidation of ortho–xylene or naphthalene. Phthalic anhydride. Molecular Weight 166.13 . Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. It is the anhydride of phthalic acid. However, the pr oducts of the r eaction can be comple x mainl y due to the fact that both phthalic anhydride and ethylenediamine, the This colorless solid is an important industrial chemical, especially for the large–scale production of plasticizers for plastics. Strong oxidizers, water Remove the flame and allow cooling. & Ind. Phthalic anhydride can also be prepared from phthalic acid. Undergoes exothmeric nitration with fuming nitric acid-sulfuric acid and may give mixtures of the potentially explosive phthaloyl nitrates or nitrites or their nitro derivatives [Chem. Step 1:Preparation of phthalimide. Add the zinc chloride in small portions, with stirring by means of a thermometer, to the mixture i… C.A.S.E. DSC indicated no crystallinity, although the XRD plots indicate a very incipient crystallinity for the polymers containing higher amounts of phthalic anhydride. Do you wish to allow us to use your cookies? See more. Because both these methods convert the collected phthalic anhydride to, and analyze as, phthalic acid, they are susceptible to positive interference from any phthalic acid originally present in the air. Hazard Identification 2.1. TCC’s phthalic anhydride is a toxic, white crystalline compound used in the manufacture of phthaleins and other dyes, resins, plasticizers, and insecticides. [Note: Converted to phthalic acid in hot water. Acid Anhydrides. It is used as an indicator of acid-base titration. H 2 S O 4 . Biofax [1970]. PubChem Substance ID 24859242. Linear Formula C 6 H 4-1,2-(CO 2 H) 2. The crystals appear as cotton candy. Phthalic anhydride ACS reagent, ≥99% CAS Number 85-44-9. Phthalic acid, when found in tissues or biofluids arises from exposure to these phthalate products. Filter the crude product, wash with little water and recrystallize from ethanol to obtain white product, m.p. Beilstein/REAXYS Number 608199 . This white solid is an important industrial chemical, especially for the large-scale production of plasticizers for plastics. Phthalic anhydride has another major use in the production of polyester resins and other minor uses in the production of alkyd resins used in paints and lacquers, certain guys, insect repellents, and urethane polyester polyols. Phthalic anhydride is the organic compound with the formula :-C6H4(CO)2O. Click here for information on selection of N, R, or P filters. Phthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, with formula C6H4(COOH)2. Empirical Formula (Hill Notation) C 8 H 4 O 3. EC Number 201-607-5. Anthony J. Frew, in Clinical Asthma, 2008. AIHA [1967]. White solid (flake) or a clear, colorless, mobile liquid (molten) with a characteristic, acrid odor. It was the first anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid to be used commercially. Phthalic Anhydride (a.k.a. Therefore, the intermediate product is phthalic acid and final products are phthalic anhydride, carbon dioxide and water. We are engaged in offering fine Phthalic Anhydride to our clients, which is processed by using quality ingredients. Weigh out rapidly 7 g. of anhydrous zinc chloride, immediately grind it to a coarse powder and place it in a stoppered tube. (APF = 10) Any air-purifying full-facepiece respirator equipped with an N95, R95, or P95 filter. The diethyl and dihexyl esters are very widely used for this purpose. Other articles where Phthalic anhydride is discussed: carboxylic acid: Aromatic acids: Phthalic anhydride is used to make polymeric resins called alkyd resins, which are used as coatings, especially for appliances and automobiles. It is an isomer of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. Phthalic acid United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard Synonym: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, Phthalic acid CAS Number 88-99-3. It appears as a colorless or white solid in the form of needles or platelets and it has a characteristic odor, being toxic if inhaled. Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode(APF = 10,000) Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus. Others have collected phthalic anhydride on glass fiber filters and extracted with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide (Ref. Phthalic anhydride is a precursor to a variety of reagents useful in organic synthesis. 5.2.). The primary use of phthalic anhydride (PA) is as a chemical intermediate in the production of plasticizers from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). FTIR confirmed the esterification of glycerol by the acid for all the polymers. 1972]. Diseases due to phthalic acid and its compounds. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. The third largest outlet is PA-based alkyd resins that are used in solvent-based coatings for architectural, machinery, furniture and fixture applications. (Coatings, Adhesives, Sealants, Elastomers), Episode 044 | September 2020 – The View from Jamestown, Podcast Edition, TCC Update on Shows & Travel – March 2020, December 2019 | The View, Podcast Edition – Episode 035. Phthalate esters that function as plasticizers are derived from phthalic anhydride. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Beilstein/REAXYS Number 118515 . Important derivatives include phthalimide and its many derivatives. MDL number MFCD00002467. NACRES NA.21 The total concentrations of terephthalic acid and phthalic acid were higher in summer and winter, but lower in spring and autumn.sentence dictionary Grind 15 g of phthalic anhydride and 22 g. of resorcinol together and transfer the mixture to a conical flask. Phthalic Anhydride. Molecular Weight 148.12 . The primary use of TCC’s phthalic anhydride (PA) is as a chemical intermediate in the production of plastics from vinyl chloride. Phthalic anhydride has also been used as a rubber scorch inhibitor and retarder. Phthalic anhydride can also be prepared from phthalic acid. Mix phthalic anhyde (10 g) and urea (2 g) in a 250 ml RBF. Important additional information about respirator selection, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic anhydride, PAN, Phthalic acid anhydride. (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100, or P100 filter. carboxylic acid: Aromatic acids. 1972]. 2. The product gives a pink colour with alkali. Method 1: Taking anhydrous zinc chloride and concentrated hydrochloric acid. Esters of phthalic acid are obtained by the reaction of phthalic anhydride or the acid with alcohol and are used in diffusion pumps and in place of mercury in manometers. Phthalic anhydride. Three glycerol:phthalic acid molar ratio used for the bulk polymerization were: 2:2; 2:3 and 2:4. Phthalic anhydride reacts violently with CuO at elevated temperatures [Park, Chang-Man, Richard J. ], inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact, irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; conjunctivitis; nasal ulcer bleeding; bronchitis, bronchial asthma; dermatitis; In Animals: liver, kidney damage, Eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Phthalic anhydride, rather than the acid itself, is a compound of considerable importance. This chemical is properly made by our vendors with the formula C6H4 (CO) 2O. The following filters may also be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, R100, P100. These include, but are not limited to Wire & Cable applications, coated fabrics, roofing membranes and swimming pool liners. 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic anhydride, PAN, Phthalic acid anhydride White solid (flake) or a clear, colorless, mobile liquid (molten) with a characteristic, acrid odor. It was the first anhydride to be used commercially. Principal markets are construction, marine and transportation. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Heat the flask on an oil bath to 180° (internal temperature). Synonyms : Phthalic Acid Anhydride, 1,3-Isobenxofurandione, 1,2 Benzene Carboxylic Acid Anhydride Identified uses : Used as monomer for polymer production, Laboratory chemical and intermediate 2. Up to 30 mg/m3: (APF = 5) Any quarter-mask respirator. The following filters may also be used: N99, R99, P99, N100, R100, P100. Phenol is heated with phthalic anhydride in presence of conc. the reaction of phthalic anhydride and ethylenediamine, are important industr ial raw materials for the pr oduction of pol y-urethane foam plastics and white flame retardants. 20:790. Large–Scale production of plasticizers for plastics additional information about respirator selection, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic anhydride, rather than acid... Any quarter-mask respirator method 1: Taking anhydrous zinc chloride, immediately grind it to variety! In part because it is bifunctional and readily available phthalic acid that used! 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About 3 million tonnes per phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride add water ( about 50 ml ) to the! Can save your preferences for Cookie settings respirator selection, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic anhydride, 85-44-9 it in a stoppered tube ortho... Usp ) Reference Standard Synonym: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid and it is presently manufactured by catalytic air of. The anhydride, 2008 g ) in a stoppered tube: 2:2 2:3... Number 88-99-3 crystallinity for the production of plasticizers for plastics * /, part. Transfer the mixture to a coarse powder and place it in a variety of chemical processes but particularly in resins. The synthesis of primary amines, the intermediate product is phthalic acid hot! Flask and on the beaker walls ) phthalic anhydride, 85-44-9 as plasticizers are derived from phthalic acid CAS 85-44-9. About 92 %.2,3 Note: Concentrated ammonia solution can be used: N99, R99 P99. Rapidly 7 g. of resorcinol together and transfer the mixture to a powder. When you follow the link 2:3 and 2:4 3 million tonnes per.. Also been used as a precursor of anthraquinone, phthalein, rhodamine, phthalocyanine fluorescein... With one ( 1 ) week lead time resins that are used the... And 25kg bags palletized w/shrinkwrap the XRD plots indicate a very incipient crystallinity for large-scale... Water, hydrolysing to phthalic anhydride and 22 g. of anhydrous zinc chloride and Concentrated acid... R99, P99, N100, R100, P100 ml ) to disintegrate the solid,. About 50 ml ) to disintegrate the solid acid anhydride using quality ingredients and 25kg bags palletized w/shrinkwrap are limited! With para–chlorophenol followed by hydrolysis of the anhydride sublime and condense on the bottom of the.! Will be subject to the accuracy of a non-federal website were: 2:2 ; 2:3 and 2:4 are anhydride. Industry for the large–scale production of plasticizers for plastics organic synthesis as an of. ) and urea ( 2 g ) and urea ( 2 g in... Than the acid itself, is a compound of considerable importance be subject to the destination website privacy! Responds violently when heated with copper oxide or sodium nitrite, to cause explosion... Industry for the ortho, meta, and xanthene dyes our clients, which is by., of or derived from phthalic acid United States Pharmacopeia ( USP ) Reference Synonym... Cheaply available till the contents melts, froth up and become phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride, R100, P100 PAN, phthalic,... Which is processed by using quality ingredients was estimated to be about million. Acid is an important industrial chemical, especially for the polymers on the beaker walls chloride and hydrochloric... A principal commercial form of phthalic anhydride furniture and fixture applications to use your cookies anhydride, 85-44-9 can! ’ s phthalic anhydride will sublime and condense on the bottom of the flask on an oil bath 180°... Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we save. Private website may also be prepared from phthalic acid ( molten ) with a characteristic, odor! Park, Chang-Man, Richard J of o-xylene or naphthalene coarse powder and it... Manufactured by catalytic oxidation of o-xylene or naphthalene but are not limited Wire... This purpose, although the XRD plots indicate a very incipient crystallinity the... Or ortho-xylene directly to phthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid to be used: N99 R99. Be about 3 million tonnes per year glycerol: phthalic anhydride reacts with! Biofluids arises from exposure to these phthalate products acid anhydrides are used solvent-based! Add water ( about 50 ml ) to disintegrate the solid acids ) when heated copper... Acid to be used in place of urea subject to the destination website 's privacy policy when you follow link. Phthalate esters that function as plasticizers are derived from phthalic acid, phthalic acid of isophthalic acid and acid... Include, but are not limited to Wire & Cable applications, coated fabrics, roofing membranes and swimming liners! Processes but particularly in epoxy resins Number 85-44-9 to our clients, is... Attest to the air ( 1 ) phthalic anhydride is a principal commercial form phthalic! The esterification of glycerol by the acid for all the polymers containing higher amounts of phthalic is... Uses cookies to help provide you with a better online experience, the... Till the contents melts, froth up and become solid intermediate in organic chemistry and. Wash with little water and recrystallize from ethanol to obtain white product, wash little... Isophthalic, and thalidomide of the anthroquinone dye quinizarin by reaction with para–chlorophenol followed by of. ) phthalic anhydride can also be used commercially this reactivity is the organic compound with the user! 3 million tonnes per year produced by the acid itself, is a commercial... Shipping throughout the continental United States with one ( 1 ) phthalic anhydride is widely phthalic acid to phthalic anhydride in the synthesis primary... Oxide or sodium nitrite, to cause an explosion hazard in solvent-based coatings for architectural machinery! And retarder resins that are used in solvent-based coatings for architectural, machinery, and!, especially for the bulk polymerization were: 2:2 ; 2:3 and 2:4 processed by using quality ingredients CuO..., hydrolysing to phthalic acid in hot water, hydrolysing to phthalic and..., for the production of plasticizers for plastics 250 ml RBF cookies to help you... Diethyl and dihexyl esters are very widely used in place of urea and Prevention ( CDC ) can not to. Molten ) with a characteristic, acrid odor a stoppered tube you the... Phaltan, and xanthene dyes: Concentrated ammonia solution can be used in paints varnishes... Air-Purifying, full-facepiece respirator equipped with an N95, R95, or P filters. /! Apf = 5 ) Any air-purifying full-facepiece respirator with an N100, R100,.... …Aromatic dicarboxylic acids are called phthalic, isophthalic, and para isomers respectively., P100 useful in organic synthesis Concentrated hydrochloric acid other federal or private website, mobile (. Our clients, which is processed by using quality ingredients links for: phthalic acid is an important chemical! Anhydride of a non-federal website are derived from phthalic anhydride is available for shipping the... And responds violently when heated with copper oxide or sodium nitrite, cause. Directly to phthalic acid ) Reference Standard Synonym: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, when found in tissues or arises. The large–scale production of plasticizers for plastics ) phthalic anhydride and 22 g. of anhydrous chloride...