Yet its impossible to deny that they are very close to one another (such as how Achilles acts gentler around Patroclus, and how the two are constantly together). Credit is given where known. The epic poems, Iliad, Odyssey, and Aeneid, are set in the Greco-Roman world. Achilles killed the Trojan prince. Before Achilles joined the battle, Agamemnon approached him and settled their differences by returning Briseis to Achilles. rosie shared a post on Instagram: "a million kisses in your lifetime I will never take this risk of probably ruining my book, but I love how this turned out!!! Examples of Kleos. The Iliad begins by describing the wrath of Achilles. In an article about the film Troy in the Guardian, the reviewer writes, It seems the Greek hero (Achilles) has undergone a radical straightening process and I'm not talking about his hair any more. Ella Wheeler Wilcox (1136 poems) 4. oh darling, my soul Upload stories, poems, character descriptions & more. PATROCLUS Well said, adversity. It is the oldest surviving, most definitive account of their lives, as well as the source material that most of the later interpretations and representations were based on. The events of the first nine years of the war were narrated in epic poems that are no longer extant. ACHILLES From whence, fragment? He smelled like almonds and earth. Achilles and Patroklos bedded together as teens. Homer never explicitly casts the two as lovers,[1][2] but they were depicted as lovers in the archaic and classical periods of Greek literature, particularly in the works of Aeschylus, Aeschines and Plato.[3][4]. THERSITES 10 Why, thou full dish of fool, from Troy. This can be contrasted with the many "Greek ships" (13) that are set on fire during the battle of Troy. "Perhaps one day even I will be famous. Achilles' relationship with Patroclus is a key aspect of his myth. Im not convinced he wanted us to think they were lovers, but there are a few passages that certainly open up the possibility. You can listen to the Ancient Heroes podcast on your podcast app, iTunes, and Soundcloud. They avoid the negative influence of Achilles' mother and eventually have to go to war together, assisting Agamemnon as he attempts to retrieve his brother Menelaus's wife, Helen, from Troy. Along with The Odyssey, The Iliad is a part of the oldest collection of epic poetry in history.The Iliad is and ancient Greek poem that, like the Odyssey, is purported to have been created by a man named Homer. After more battle, Nestor arrives back to the Greek allies base with a wounded soldier. The Iliad 1 begins and ends showing people in a normal state, before and after the wrath of Achilles has precipitated the plan of Zeus. In Greek mythology, the story of Patroclus and Achilles started when they were both young boys. We even have a fragment from a lost tragedy of Aeschylus, where Achilles speaks of his and Patroclus frequent kisses.. Post-classical and modern interpretations, Percy, William Armstrong (2005) "Reconsiderations about Greek Homosexualities," in, Homosexuality in the militaries of ancient Greece, "Examining Greek Pederastic Relationships", "How to do the history of male homosexuality", "The Song of Achilles by Madeline Miller review", "From Muse to Material: The Defiance of Homeric Identity Through Creative Adaptation", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Achilles_and_Patroclus&oldid=1140919402, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2011, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 12:31. Ascanius in the Aeneid: The Story of the Son of Aeneas in the Poem, The Odyssey Ending: How Odysseus Rose to Power Again, Sciron: The Ancient Greek Robber and a Warlord, Penelope in the Odyssey: Story of the Faithful Wife of Odysseus. For instance, Achilles is said to be sensitive toward Patroclus, but with other people, he is condescending and harsh. Edsby Yrdsb Login Page, Hetaros meant "companion" or "comrade"; in Homer it is usually used of soldiers under the same commander. (19.321 What Achilles and Patroclus Ella Wheeler Wilcox (1136 poems) 4. " /> Emily Dickinson (2411 poems) 2. Can't Roll Back Driver, persephone. This ambiguity may not be done on purpose, but it has led to a large number of divergent conclusions. Robin Lane Fox, another one of the most influential and knowledgeable historians of ancient Greece, sums it up by saying, There is certainly no evidence in the text of the Iliad that Achilles and Patroclus were lovers (The Tribal Imagination: Civilization and the Savage Mind, pg. Comments. Sergent asserts that ritualized man-boy relations were widely diffused through Europe from prehistoric times. So certainty isnt really on the table here. . In the story of Patroclus no one survives, not even Achilles who was nearly a god. For some, fame lasts, or for others, it dies . Although many debate the idea of the two characters sharing a romantic relationship, it was not uncommon for elite men in ancient Greece to share intimate interactions with other men, often younger than themselves. At the end of the day, the stories and characters are mythological and we cannot know the intentions of Homer for certain. Chapman Transferology, achilles patroclus hadesgame. Yup, you read that right, cousins. Achilles quotes about patroclus. Because many Greeks of the 5th and 4th centuries BCE, centuries later after the Iliad was written, did portray Achilles and Patroclus as lovers. The age difference between partners and their respective roles (either active or passive) was considered to be a key feature. Patroclus was made to be Achilles squire. Before he died, Hector made a final request to Achilles: to give his body to his family. Oh, Achilles, Achilles, Will you sing to me The truth of this was perceived by one of the greatest poets and profoundest critics of the modern world, Dante. 17.9K 466 4. There is certainly an argument that myths evolve over time and Homers version is just one (albeit important) link in that ongoing chain. Here is a quote from the Iliad, Samuel Butler translation: However, this posed a problem for the authors because they needed to identify who should be the older and the younger two. If by Were Achilles and Patroclus lovers?, one is asking about the meaning behind the oldest and most comprehensive source we have, the answer for me is probably not. what occasion calls - The Academy of American Poets is the largest membership-based nonprofit organization fostering an appreciation for contemporary poetry and supporting American poets. Here he is nobody, just another unwanted boy living in the shadow of King Peleus and his golden son, Achilles. Achilles/Patroclus; Achilles/Patroclus (Song of Achilles) Achilles (Song of Achilles) Patroclus (Song of Achilles) Death; Comfort; Angst; Love; Reunions; poem; Don't copy to another site; Summary. He seemed to swell beneath my touch, to ripen. Here are a couple moments and quotes that proponents of the lover argument often cite: It is indisputable that Achilles and Patroclus are especially close to one another. This poem is about: My country. She carries his angry wishes to Zeus and persuades him to grant them, setting up the many defeats that the Achaeans suffer through most of the poem. Text HOME to 741741, CrisisTextline.org for people dealing with depression. For the last time Achilles sees his friend, and he cannot embrace him. It does not state or, as far as I can tell, even imply that Achilles and Patroclus are lovers. I did not know what to do, what he would like. So, although I dont think Homer intended us to view Achilles and Patroclus as lovers, that view doesnt directly contradict Homers version either. Achilles, knowing these paths, chose . Patroclus performs duties such as cooking, feeding, and grooming the horses, yet is older than Achilles. But with many different variations and interpretations, its hard to say for sure what kind of connection the pair has. According to The Iliad, Achilles refused to fight the war because Agamemnon was there. Thersites. The Iliad: Book 19 Poem by Homer. In the Iliad, Homer describes a deep and meaningful relationship between Achilles and Patroclus, where Achilles is tender toward Patroclus but callous and arrogant toward others. Hair lit like honey in the sun, and within it, glints of gold-the circlet of a prince." Achilles wins the race. Three times, Achilles drags Hector's body ehnd his chariot around Patroclus' grave. ago Oh they gave him the NA Sailor Uranus and Neptune treatment. Achilles was determined to get to Hector, and along the way, he killed many Trojan warriors. Its one of the big questions of Greek mythology that continues to be debated thousands of years later: were Achilles and Patroclus lovers? In book 16 Patroclus, Achilles closest companion, pleads with Achilles who is still angry, but who allows Patroclus to enter the fray. One of the most substantial moments in the Iliad that many use to support the idea of a romantic relationship is how Achilles reacts after Patroclus dies. Patroclus, best friend of Achilles, is an excellent example of greed leading to destruction, a common theme in the Iliad. Xenophon, a contemporary of Plato, had Socrates argue in his own Symposium that Achilles and Patroclus were simply chaste and devoted comrades. I liked the idea behind some of the poems, such as 'Achilles to Patroclus' and 'Patroclus to Achilles', but ultimately there was something missing in the delivery in my opinion, and it just wasn't for me. There is a widespread attitude that Achilles and Patroclus were clearly in sexual relationship and that anyone who questions that or disagrees must have some hidden agenda that would cause them to deny their true nature. The Song of Achilles is a tale of Troy and particularly focuses on the complex relationship between the Greek heroes Achilles and Patroclus. The film Troy presented Patroclus as a younger relative of Achilles, without any romantic or sexual aspects. The recent movie Troy (not surprisingly) destroyed the relationship between Achilles and Patroclus. . Its ideal structure consists of an older lover who will serve as the protector and a younger one as the beloved. Many Greco-Roman authors read their relationship as a romantic oneit was a common and accepted interpretation in the ancient world. However, it is thought that maybe if Achilles did not refuse to fight in the battle in the first place, Patroclus would not have died. It can be seen in their writings from the archaic and Greeks ancient periods. The Iliad is one of the most famous epic poems created by the Greek poet Homer and the piece recounts the last weeks of the Trojan War.In book 18 of the series, Homer writes about Achilles shield this poem is one of the epics most famous portions. Timeshare Presentation Deals 2021, Achilles shows inhumane level of rage. 18 hr. You can help us out by revising improving and updating this section. Iris appears to Achilles by command of Juno, and orders him to show himself at the . Apr 2, 2021 - Explore cookiiefox's board "~portfolio stuff~" on Pinterest. Its exact nature has been a subject of dispute in both the classical period and modern times. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Achilles even wishes that all of the other soldiers, both Greek and Trojan, would perish so he and Patroclus could conquer Troy by themselves (Book 16). Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. Shay points out that a frequent topos in veterans' grief for a companion is that companion's gentleness or innocence; similarly, while a warrior of great note, Patroclus is said in the Iliad by other soldiers and by Briseis the captive to have been gentle and kind. After that, in book 16, Achilles lends Patroclus his armor, sends him off with a stern admonition to not to pursue the Trojans. 2020.07.31 | By Gregory Nagy A picture is worth a thousand words. Achilles/Patroclus One-Shots by Sun And Stars. Its exact nature has been a subject of dispute in both the classical period and modern times. Some believe there are clues within the text that he hoped readers and listeners would pick up on, but that is a pretty big stretch for me. Hector then takes Achilles armor from Patroclus body as a prize . Patroclus, an awkward young prince, has been exiled to the court of King Peleus and his perfect son Achilles. Continue, Ascanius in the Aeneid was the son of the epic hero Aeneas and his wife Creusa, the daughter of King Priam. Once at Troy, Achilles quickly showed himself to be an unbeatable warrior. Achilles and Agamemnon had a previous conflict when they were awarded women as a prize. In the Oxford Classical Dictionary, David M. Halperin writes: Homer, to be sure, does not portray Achilles and Patroclus as lovers (although some Classical Athenians thought he implied as much (Aeschylus fragments 135, 136 Radt; Plato Symposium 179e180b; Aeschines Against Timarchus 133, 14150)), but he also did little to rule out such an interpretation.[7]. See more ideas about achilles and patroclus, achilles, greek myths. The enormous size of Hamilton's painting conveys a sense of his ambition to depict episodes from Homer's Iliad in an overpowering, epic mode. He speaks of fame, an important theme in the novel 'The Song of Achilles.'. Its exact naturewhether homosexual, a non-sexual deep friendship, or something else entirelyhas been a subject of dispute in both the Classical period and modern times. Next. So what is the verdict? The rage that follows from Patroclus' death becomes the prime motivation for Achilles to return to the battlefield. His rage is so great that he desecrates Hectors body in the most insulting way, dragging it across the field behind his horse. Patroclus speaks to Achilles, though he is not there. Apollo, the Greek god, injured Patroclus, which made him vulnerable to being killed. Later non-Homeric tales suggest that Patroclus was Achilles . Determined to see him again, Achilles embarks on a search through the Underworld - and is introduced to some wacky locals along the way, including Diomedes, a singer from the 1950s. Soon after, both Patroclus and Hector were given their proper funerals and were buried accordingly. Answers: 1 on a question: ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS PLS Question 1 What is a theme of How the Death of Patroclus Roused Achilles, The Making of the Arms, and The Vengeance of Achilles from the Iliad? After this, Achilles conducted a heartfelt funeral ceremony for Patroclus. This is in the hope that Patroclus will be able to start a new life. It is true that Achilles, the hero of the Iliad, is distinguished by his friendship for Patroclus no less emphatically than Odysseus, the hero of the Odyssey, by lifelong attachment to Penelope, and Hector by love for Andromache. However, Patroclus ignoring Achilles command, pursues and reaches the gates of Troy and is killed by Hector. Probably composed in the eighth century B.C. That being said, we have to look for descriptions in written sources, mainly epics and other poems. However, Patroclus was more than willing to lead Achilles men into battle. In the Iliad, the two heroes have a deep and meaningful friendship. Homer does not explicitly say they were, nor does he clearly imply it. Check out amazing patroclus artwork on DeviantArt. that was the tendernessstill light yes & all our breakfast. The merciless, unforgiving anger Of which you felt at the loss of your Patroclus. Book 18The Greeks fight for and finally retrieve the body of Patroclus in book 17. Many of historys greatest thinkers, writers, and artists thought of Achilles and Patroclus as romantically involved. As a result, Achilles fills with such a grief and rage that he rejoin battle. However, his adventuring is widely known and is an important component of, Read More Who is Laertes? In this passage, Achilles intimates to Patroclus The helm of Achilles Falls to the hoofbeat thunder, Rolls to the fouling of blood and dust. Seeing this, Patroclus was encouraged to pursue him and was able to kill Hectors chariot driver. Because despite his ferociousness, theres a gentleness to Achilles as well. time adapts to the breathing. Fight like men, my friends, call up your battle-fury! The irate Achilles refuses. Achilles and Patroclus Wed, 10/09/2019 - 22:52-- 19guthriemegan. Thersites rails against Achilles and Ajax, and then, joined by Achilles and Patroclus, ridicules them to their faces. Achilles grievously mourned the passing of Patroclus and vowed to seek revenge. Patroclus is killed. Continue reading caterina Dec 2020 Oh, Achilles. It is a retelling of Homers Iliad from Patroclus point of view and is set in the Greek Heroic Age. They presented them as part of a pederastic relationship, which was a custom at the time in which an older male (usually in his twenties) formed a sexual relationship with a younger male (usually in his teens). Achilles had a change of heart and empathized with Priam. During the Trojan War, in his wrath over the death of his companion Patroclus, he killed the Trojan hero and defender Hector. Homer does not depict the relationship between Achilles and Patroclus as sexual. [citation needed]. Homer displays the theme of relationships throughout the poem in which relationship brings out the emotional side of Achilles and King Priam . I think that their relationship is certainly intimate and can be perceived as romantic. This part of the epic also provides one of the first known uses of ekphrastic (a vivid description of a scene or artwork) in Greek poetry. Covering everything about the ten-year war including the feud between Achilles and Agamemnon, the many battles and heroes, and the rage of Achilles after the death of Patroclus, it is a poem that everyone must read in their lifetime if they are interested in Greek mythology. Before his cremation the ghost of Patroclus appears to Achilles in a dream. Nobody leaves Homers epics thinking his heroes are not worthy of their lasting fame. However, during the main action of the Iliad, the wrath of Achilles and the plan of Zeus, people live in an extraordinary state of human/divine . In order for Patroclus to pass as Achilles, he wore the armor that Achilles inherited from his father. Tumblr is a place to express yourself, discover yourself, and bond over the stuff you love. achilles emerges for the first time as a lover as well as a fighter in this beautifully written novel natalie haynes''book review the song of achilles by madeline miller may 27th, 2020 - the song of achilles is centred on two main characters patroclus and achilles patroclus a prince is exiled A reading of the text shows they were lovers. "[12][13], Pindar's comparison of the adolescent boxer Hagesidamus and his trainer Ilas to Patroclus and Achilles in Olympian 10.1621 (476 BC) as well as the comparison of Hagesidamus to Zeus' lover Ganymede in Olympian 10.99105 suggest that student and trainer had a romantic relationship, especially after Aeschylus' depiction of Achilles and Patroclus as lovers in his play Myrmidons. The lover-warriors Achilles and Patroclus are the direct spiritual ancestors of the sacred Band of Thebans, who died to a man on the field of Chrona. Sleeps my Achilles, his Patroclus dead? The most important of th. Maybe the Greeks of the Classical Age knew something about this earlier time period we dont. Aeschines, in placing an emphasis on the importance of paiderasteia to the Greeks, argues that though Homer does not state it explicitly, educated people should be able to read between the lines: "Although (Homer) speaks in many places of Patroclus and Achilles, he hides their love and avoids giving a name to their friendship, thinking that the exceeding greatness of their affection is manifest to such of his hearers as are educated men. Again: after slaying Patroclus, Hector strips him of the armor of Achilles, which Patroclus had been wearing, leaving Achilles unable to avenge his . The moment of Patroclus death is so crucial to the epic because it represents a turning point in the storythe beginning of Achilles return to battle. In the story of Patroclus no one survives, not even Achilles who was nearly a god. As a result, Achilles fills with such a grief and rage that he rejoin battle. He kills Hector and then mutilates his corpse ruthlessly. The Iliad, Book 16, lines 92-106. The surgeon's box, or the patient's wound. Hector is a Trojan prince, while Patroclus is an Achaean who is kin to Achilles. In Homer's epic poem, The Iliad, Achilles is a great warrior who traces the stages of the behavior cycle twice, from arete to hubris to ate and then to nemesis. Can't Roll Back Driver, Achilles is the quintessentially heroic subject of Homer's great poem of adventure and war, the Iliad. Later, the Trojans killed Patroclus, Achilles' dearest and most trusted friend. #reelsinstagram #bookstagram #bookstaexplore #bookstagrammer #bookblogger #reader #readerlife #readersofinstagram #romance #romancebooks #contemporary #newadult #fantasy #annotations #annotatedbooks #bookshelf # . However, Patroclus ignoring Achilles command, pursues and reaches the gates of Troy and is killed by Hector. The relationship between Achilles and Patroclus in the Iliad is often cited in antiquity as one of three or four legendary friendships. Skip to entry content. They both spring to their feet in surprise as the guests enter. So, what has Hector ever done to you, Achilles? Achilles was only persuaded when Hectors son, Priam, begged and reasoned with him. They are shown as lovers, using the source material of the Iliad to back up the events that occur. Every time occurs thereafter, it is used in reference to Achilles' laments for his dead friend. Passer, deliciae meae puellae (Catullus 2), Vivamus, mea Lesbia, atque amemus (Catullus 5), Miser Catulle, desinas ineptire (Catullus 8), eath of Patroclus is one of the most tragic and devastating scenes in the Iliad, https://ancient-literature.com/patroclus-and-achille/. In Book XVII of the Iliad, Achilles states that Patroclus was: " the man I loved beyond all other comrades, loved as my own life". Thetis hearing his lamentations, comes with all her sea- nymphs to comfort him. The most one can really say is that a romantic or sexual aspect to their relationship doesnt reflect a literal reading of the text. However, when Agamemnon was made to surrender the woman, he decided to get Briseis, the woman who was awarded to Achilles. The Iliad portrays them as sleeping with female slaves but not with each other, and this is the key reason for the debate. Laertes is the father of Odysseus and grandfather to Telemachos. The ransom of Hector on one of the Hoby cups. The relationship between Achilles and Patroclus is a pretty common debate: were they friends, or lovers? It is clear that Achilles and Patroclus had an incredibly deep, intimate bond. Censored it by making them cousins but kept the subtext. In a surviving fragment of the play, Achilles speaks of "the reverent company" of Patroclus' thighs and how Patroclus was "ungrateful for many kisses. The Grief of Achilles, and New Armour Made Him by Vulcan. Get inspired by our community of talented artists. Key element of the stories associated with the Trojan War. Always in these friendships one serves the other, one is less than the other: the hierarchy is always apparant, though the legends cannot be trusted-- their source is the survivor, the one who has been abandoned. A pivotal and important scene in The Iliad centers upon the death of Patroclus, a warrior who Achilles, a warrior himself who is said to be the greatest among mortals, considers to be his closest friend. Achilles, in Greek mythology, son of the mortal Peleus, king of the Myrmidons, and the Nereid, or sea nymph, Thetis. Answer (1 of 8): First of all, there is no actual proof that Achilles was a historical figure and not a legend or a "fictional" character belonging to the then tradition. His death made a significant impact on the results of the war. Text HOME to 741741. At least not to me. The only person he seems to show any tenderness towards is his young colleague Patroclus. The relationship between Achilles and Patroclus is a key element of the stories associated with the Trojan War. Can Goguardian Only See Chrome, The son of Peleus and the sea-nymph Thetis, Achilles was a fearsome warrior who chose a short, glorious life over a long and undistinguished one. Patroclus is his cousin in the movie. Thomas Moore (849 poems) 8. See more ideas about achilles and patroclus, achilles, longing for you. Destiny, then, guides Patroklos from the moment he enters the war. All Poetry Free Verse Song Lyrics . Achilles quotes about patroclus. Jones states, Patroclus by throwing in 'fate' and 'Zeus' too, he incidentally removes yet more glory from Hector (111). Patroclus's father crowns him with a garland. They almost seem like partners in life, even if you just examine their connection in a platonic context. This delay enabled her to have sufficient time to ask the divine blacksmith, Hephaestus, to recreate the armor that Achilles needed because the original armor that Achilles inherited from his father was used by Patroclus and ended up being worn by Hector when the latter killed Patroclus. Usafa Address For Transcripts, A. Agamemnon sends an envoy to change his mind. It is true that Achilles, the hero of the Iliad, is distinguished by his friendship for Patroclus no less emphatically than Odysseus, the hero of the Odyssey, by lifelong attachment to Penelope, and Hector by love for Andromache. Achilles was unwilling to lead his men, the Myrmidons, to battle. [8], William Shakespeare's play Troilus and Cressida portrays Achilles and Patroclus as lovers in the eyes of the Greeks. Achilles receives motivation to return to war, and reason for new armor, following the death of his good friend Patroclus. What important parts of Greek myths do filmmakers always seem to get wrong? As Agamemnon and his councillors approach, Achilles goes inside his tent and refuses to meet them. Edsby Yrdsb Login Page, Adobe Illustrator Color Gradient, In ancient texts, philos (often translated "most beloved") denoted a general type of love, used for love between family, between friends, a desire or enjoyment of an activity, as well as between lovers. Madeline Miller has a bright future in literature. When the news of the Patroclus demise reached Achilles, he was furious, and he beat the ground so hard that it summoned his mother, Thetis, from the sea to check up on her son. The Iliad therefore has for its whole subject the passion of Achilles that ardent energy or of the hero which displayed itself first as anger against Agamemnon, and afterwards as love for the lost Patroclus. However, Achilles and Patroclus also both have female sex slaves. hetairos, therapon), the emotional attachment between Achilles to Patroclus is unparalleled compared to Gilgamesh and Achilles are divine rulers in their own right and they are also crossbreeds of gods and mortals. Always in these friendships one serves the other, one is less than the other: the hierarchy is always apparant, though the legends cannot be trusted--their source is the survivor, the one who has been abandoned. 'Sing the rage of Achilles.' Twenty-three raids, Need to talk? How To Enable Graphics Processor In Photoshop, Achilles and Patroclus? The two best fighters from each side, Hector and Achilles, fought one on one, and when it was evident that Hector would lose, he tried to reason with Achilles, but Achilles wouldnt accept any explanation as he was blinded by his rage and goal of killing Hector to avenge the death of Patroclus. 14 well explores the chain of animal similes). The death of Patroclus, Achilles' dearest friend or lover, at the hands of Hector, brings Achilles back to the war for revenge, and he slays Hector. Readers come away from these works with the impression that the characters described in the stories are larger than life: Achilles is strong, Ajax is enormous, Patroclus is bloodthirsty, Nestor is ancient, Stentor is loud. Below Ive posted a good Youtube video I found about this same subject. Alliteration in Beowulf: Why Was There So Much Alliteration in the Epic? theilliad. By no one else but Achilles, the strongest man on the field.. 14. Who keeps the tent now? This request was to put their ashes together when Achilles died and to let them rest eternally together. For me, the most compelling piece of evidence, aside from the depth of Achilles grief, ishowhe grieves: Achilles refuses to burn Patroclus body, insisting instead on keeping the corpse in his tent, where he constantly weeps and embraces itdespite the horrified reactions of those around him. Even if the myths are somehow loosely based on real individuals, the Achilles and Patrocus we know are fictional, not historical. Based on the material we have on them, its clear that their bond is intimate. Patroclus returns as a ghost and has one final conversation with Achilles: A last request - grant it, please. The picture is a line drawing of an ancient vase-painting. The first recorded appearance of a deep emotional bond between adult men in ancient Greek culture was in the Iliad (800 BC).
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