99 Curtis Brooks to Dezs Gyarmati, 31 Mar. card, but he charmed them by playing U.S. LPs on their record player. "It's a skateboard that works like a surfboard," says Gerlach, who's 73 and lives in Ontario, Calif. "A board that can ride uphill. Jack Kelly, brother of Grace Kelly, helped arrange a coaching position for Torok in Philadelphia, but within months he returned to Hungary to tend to his sick mother.He has since died. Provaznikova lived in the U.S. until 1991, dying at age 101. See also Majtnyi, Gyrgy, Czibor, Bozsik, Pusks: Futball s trsadalmi legitimci az tvenes vekben Sic Itur Ad Astra, 62 (2011), 21931Google Scholar; and Mellis, Negotiation Through Sport, 915. That's when SI's parent, Time Inc., needed a place in Alexandria, Va., to house its Time-Life Books unit, and the company rented office space from one of the people it had brought to the U.S. Jozsef Sakovics and Lidia Domolky Sakovics, Fencing. Belarus Olympic defector Tsimanouskaya auctions medal on eBay The resulting mission, Operation Griffin, enabled one-third of the Hungarian Olympic team and four Romanian Olympic athletes to defect to the United States directly after the Melbourne Olympic Games. We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. By the time he retired he had risen to chief of research and the firm employed 11,000 people. 14 Standeisky, va, Az rk s hatalom (Budapest: 1956 Institute, 1996)Google Scholar; Kalmr, Melinda, Ennival s hozomny: a kora kdrizmus ideolgija (Budapest: Magvet Knyvkiad s Kereskedelmi, 1998)Google Scholar; Rainer, Jnos, Bevezets a Kdrizmusba: Magyarorszg a Szovjetuni rnykban, 19441989 (Budapest: 1956 Institute, 2011)Google Scholar; Pittaway, Mark, The Workers State: Industrial Labor and the Making of Communist Hungary, 19441958 (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2012)Google Scholar; Mark, James and Apor, Pter, Socialism Goes Global: Decolonization and the Making of a New Culture of Internationalism in Socialist Hungary, 19561989, Journal of Modern History, 87(2015), 85291CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Horvth, Sndor, Stalinism Reloaded: Everyday Life in Stalin-City, Hungary, trans. One of those kids turned out to be Mark Spitz. When Iraqi weightlifter Raid Ahmed went to Atlanta, he carried his countrys flag at the opening ceremony. Explained: Why do athletes go 'missing' from international - MSN Now 79, she and her husband, Janos (John) Szalay, live in Henderson, Nev. 2019 Ted Fund Donors Hungarian Defector in Alaska - The New York Times by Bryan Dawson. When the games finished, Moraru decided that he liked the San Diego sun. hasContentIssue true, Copyright Cambridge University Press 2019. team famously defected during the 1956 Olympics in Melbourne after they found out the Soviet Union stamped out the Hungarian Revolution in Budapest. Peterdi, Gyarmati sors, 160. 40 See Tabi, Norbert, Futball s politika kapcsolata Magyarorszgon a II. Five days after Takach's arrival in the U.S., Magda trudged over cornfields at night into Austria; eventually she joined him in Los Angeles. The nation was not invited to the 1920 Games after World War I . 91 I thank Harry Blutstein for sharing this evidence with me. 36 Soviet sport leaders acted similarly, using connections and rules to achieve their Olympic goals within a socialist framework. An estimated 55 of the 110 Hungarian athletes and coaches defected at the end of the 1956 Olympics, and 35 sought asylum in the United States. The United States finished the Tokyo Olympics with 113 total medals, including 39 gold. He won national sabre titles in three of his first five years in the U.S. while fencing for his Olympic coach and fellow defector, George Piller, at San Francisco's Pannonia Athletic Club and across the bay at Cal. Hungary - National Olympic Committee (NOC) In the U.S., Iogloi continued his magic, turning Jim Beatty into the first miler to run under four minutes indoors. His decision to defect was one of the easiest, as both of his parents had died, his father at Auschwitz. Silk, Mike, Schultz, Jaime and Bracey, Bryan, From Mice to Men: Miracle, Mythology, and the Magic Kingdom, Sport in Society, 11, 23 (2008), 27997, 281CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Shortly before the London Olympics, Provaznikova led 28,000 female gymnasts in a demonstration in Prague in support of former president Edvard Benes. The wave of defections by athletes from the Soviet Union and allied states continued during the 1970s. He ran the pool at a rec center in Lynwood, Calif., before coaching at Miami, then in Spain and finally in Australia. China was next best with 88 total and 38 gold. 41 Most other sports, such as swimming and fencing, did not enjoy the same professional status. The Hungarian Olympic team heard the news after they landed in Melbourne, and many planned to not go back, according to a report by The Washington Post. 64 On the experiences and legacies of two sporting defectors, see Mellis, Cold War Politics. When parents at the Bay Area club heard Zador had been an Olympian, they asked him to teach their children to swim. But on the whole, life was good: a leap out of a hot-air balloon above Schaefer Stadium at halftime of a Monday Night Football telecast in 1972; a gig opening for Evel Knievel in the mid-'70s; his name on a marquee on the Vegas strip: jumpin' joe's sponge plunge. In 1956, Hungary flew 83 athletes to Melbourne, Australia. When the team heard the news, only 38 athletes decided to ride the plane back home. ", For several months Zador joined a brother in Washington, D.C., and taught dancing at an Arthur Murray studio. Plachy escaped and joined her in Houston. V-71031. Using a scholarship reserved for Hungarian refugees, she enrolled at Colorado, studying dance and phys ed and competing in and coaching gymnastics. Yes, there was that time in 1965, the day before his wedding, that he misjudged a dive and wound up having his face reconstructed. The game plan The Hungarian team won their first matches at the Melbourne Olympics easily. The canoeist was. 58 Dniel Magay, interview with the author, 11 Mar. and (Video: The Washington Post). 3 Hungarians Defect At Olympics to U.S. - The New York Times 94 Szkely, va, Srni csak a gyztesnek szabad! Keresztes, do you want to pay cash this time, or just leave your watch here as you used to? The head of the Soviet Olympic squad claimed that unidentified terrorists had kidnapped Nemtsanov and brainwashed him to embrace freedom. In reality, Nemtsanov had fallen in love with a female diver from Cincinnati and was hiding with a family in Ontario. Earlier this week, seven of Cameroons athletes disappeared from Londons Olympic Village. In Florida it's summer all year long. Chin, Jessica W. "Only later do you find out whether your decision was bad or good," says Siak, 79, who is widowed and lives in Orlando. 73 In the absence of concrete evidence, retribution seemed limited to requisitioning the apartments of the defectors, although family members could even remove the personal effects beforehand. The Russian defector, Sergei Nemtsanov, was a 17-year-old diver when he disappeared from the Olympic Village during the Games. Heres a look at several prominent Olympic defections. 55 Their goal was to find them homes in the United States, utilise their expertise to improve US sport and benefit from the Cold War propaganda. Those who remained in the U.S. pursued a variety of careers, not just in sports, and many raised families and achieved considerable success. by Campbell, Alan, 2, 3 (2013), 66775Google Scholar; Takcs, Tibor, Them and Us: Narratives of Agents from the Kadar Era, The Hungarian Historical Review, 4, 1 (2015), 14470, 167Google Scholar. 1124. 78 Tks, Rudolf, Hungary's Negotiated Revolution: Economic Reform, Social Change, and Political Succession, 19571990 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 14Google Scholar. The Romanian writer asked for, and received, political asylum. ", He arrived with an engineering degree and fenced well, winning or sharing three U.S. titles and representing the U.S. in the Tokyo Olympics. 17 Kende, Pter, Mi trtnt a Magyar Trsadalommal 1956 Utn? vknyv XI. But after defecting, Zador, the finest young water polo player in Europe, never played competitively again. "She got to be at the Olympics on a national record relay . The Czechoslovak Embassy said the Communist-led government in Prague had approved her decision to remain abroad, according to a New York Times article at the time. "Instead of going back a hero, making 3,000 forints a month, having a chance to go to the next three Olympics, I gave all that up to be a nobody with no marketable skills who didn't speak the language," he said before he died in April at age 77. In 2012, around a dozen African Olympians did not return to their home countries, suspected to have instead sought asylum in Britain. Whether youre a lifelong resident of D.C. or you just moved here, weve got you covered. The five children she raised with her husband, Dan Zimsen, have dual citizenship. 18 Kende, Mi trtnt, 112; Majtnyi, Gyrgy, What made the Kdr Era? Margit (Margaret) Korondi Szalay, Gymnastics. At the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, at least four Romanians and one Russian sought asylum in Canada. Several Sudanese runners also sought asylum in British police stations. Two Hungarian athletesa canoeist and a marksmandefected in 1964 and later found sanctuary in the United States. University of Florida, 2018, 578, 3201, 3345. Now 78, she lives with her husband, retired physics professor Charles Shapiro, in Novato, Calif., while Aniko lives nearby and works as a chemical engineer. This does not include an additional 6 medals won in the Winter Olympics nor the Hungarians that won medals as nationals of other countries after borders were . Address Budapest. According to the Associated Press, 117 people defected at the Munich games. Explained: Why do athletes go 'missing' from international sporting According to DW, an estimated 90 Cuban baseball players have defected to the United States to play for Major League Baseball clubs. "My talents would have been wasted or not recognized if I hadn't come to the U.S. Until retiring 10 years ago the Siaks ran Frank and Barbie's beauty salons in Central Florida while raising three children. L. Rab, A trsait szitv lttk, a Magyar sztehetsg tllte az ugat hallt, 21 Aug. 2016, available at http://nol.hu/kultura/a-tarsait-szitava-lottek-a-magyar-uszotehetseg-tulelte-az-ugato-halalt-1628457 (last visited 24 Nov. 2017). 29 See Kornai, Jnos, Economies of Shortage (Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1980)Google Scholar. From Defectors to Cooperators: The Impact of 1956 on Athletes, Sport XXI. 49 The additional penalty never appeared in the Magyar Kzlony, which informed the public about changes to the Hungarian penal code. Andrs Tr - Wikipedia Krystsina Tsimanouskaya and the history of Olympic asylum-seeking - Quartz 83 See especially Llewellyn and Gleaves, Rise and Fall. Ervin Zador is now 76, and lives in northern California They met the Russian team in the semi-final on 6. In 1974 Takach climbed the Matterhorn, and as recently as 2010, before contracting melanoma, was still doing front flips on a mat. V-71031, llambiztonsgi Szolglatok Trtneti Levltra, Budapest (BTL). Both fled because Nikita Khrushchev, the Soviet leader, had been ousted from office. But life is also luck.". The man who carried the flag for Eritrea, steeplechaser Weynay Ghebresilasie, along with three others from the Eritrean delegation, also chose to defect, VOA News reported in 2012. : Patrons, Clients, Brokers and Unofficial Networks in the Stalinist Music World, Contemporary European History, 11, 1 (Feb. 2002), 3365CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Although there are numerous factors that can influence the development of successful athletes, some of the important possible factors that relate to the parents' socio-economic and cultural background include the athletes' preconditions (coaching resources, training, facilities and finances) and their ability to acquire the necessary psycho-social competencies (sport knowledge and connections). While sport leaders recognised the need to soften their policies towards athletes, athletes learned that socialist Hungary, and not the capitalist West, oftentimes offered them the best opportunities for their sport career and desired lifestyle. The plan worked. As of yet, it has not appeared to so do. Some eventually returned home, according to Sports Illustrated, even donning the Hungarian uniform again at the Olympics. 47 Szcs was tried in an accelerated procedure by the military court, with soldiers standing along the corridor. Many of them went to the United States; some of them eventually went. 'WJ Live': China's Olympics: US Defectors, Uyghur Torchbearer and Szzad, Hall a szerelmrt, RTL Klub, http://rtl.hu/rtlklub/hirek/XXI_szazad/videok/314174, 8 Sept. 2010; Tabi, Futball s politika, 64. The following list of Eastern Bloc defectors contains notable defectors from East Germany, the Soviet Union, Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Albania before those countries' conversions from Communist states in the early 1990s. One night, as her team was celebrating at a reception, Gaehler slipped out of her living quarters and fled for West Germany. Despite the difficulties of adapting to life in a country where at first he didnt speak the language, Zador said before his death in 2012 that there hasnt been a moment Ive regretted it, Sports Illustrated reported. '", Siak learned English chatting up college kids at the pool in Winter Park, Fla., where he lifeguarded, then joined the Water Follies for three years before a broken shoulder forced him to quit. Instead he buckled down, earned his B.A. In the run-up to the 2008 Olympics, after a 1-1 draw against the United States, seven members of the Cuban under-23 soccer team fled from a Tampa hotel during an Olympic qualifying tournament in March. There he developed recording materials such as laser discs -- appropriately enough, for he served as a kind of class secretary for the defecting athletes. I had the freedom to develop those talents, and the biggest key, the freedom to make mistakes. 63 Minutes of the FIFA Emergency Committee Meeting, London, 13 Oct. 1957, P. 23, FA. She made it safely. And I really liked working. Szzad, Hall a szerelmrt. 39 Mellis, Negotiation Through Sport, especially Chapters 3 and 6. Joe, who just missed a medal in Rome, coached Hungary's national team to four golds in Tokyo. 1951, P. 6, BTL, 3.1.9. 62 Fdration Internationale de Football Association to National Associations, Information to the National Associations Affiliated to FIFA Transfer of Hungarian refugee footballers, 17 July 1957, Fdration Internationale de Football Association Archives (FA), Zurich. Decorated Kenyan runner found stabbed to death; police say her husband is a Olympic officials wont push China on human rights ahead of Beijing Games, A cyclist won silver in the Tokyo Olympics. He became close to the royal family in Sweden, where he died in 2005 at 87. The defecting players left the hotel, bought a cellphone, contacted a lawyer and celebrated with a Cuban meal, the Miami Herald reported, according to ESPN. Zador found himself working as a lifeguard in Oakland, Calif., for $6 an hour before eventually opening a restaurant and running a hotel. 28 Szikora, Sport and the Olympic, 1501. Kimia Alizadeh: Iranian defector from Olympic Refugee Team stuns two Members of the Hungarian Olympic team heard the news through the press after they landed in Melbourne, according to the New Republic, and many resolved not to return to Hungary. Reduced to serving as the rec director of an orphanage on Long Island, he was afraid to return to Hungary because of things he had been quoted as saying. A month before the games, seven members of the basketball team fled to Pakistan. Hungarian Defectors, 1956 Summer Olympics - Getty Images 22 On two athlete-defectors experiences in the United States, see Mellis, Johanna, Cold War Politics and the California Running Scene: The Experiences of Mihly Igli and Lszl Tbori in the Golden State, Journal of Sport History, 46, 1 (Spring 2019), 6281CrossRefGoogle Scholar. From Defectors to Cooperators: The Impact of 1956 on Ursinus College, 601 E. Main Street, Collegeville, PA 19426, United States, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960777319000183, Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. He eventually had to revoke his defection, and he left brokenhearted. Zimsen, who is 72 and lives with her husband in Bremerton, Wash., proudly points to a Seattle Post-Intelligencer front page from late 1959, where a picture of her happens to run adjacent to one of Soviet premier Nikita Kruschchev. Heres a look at some other Olympic defections. 10 Political studies of Cold War sport include Hunt, Thomas M., American Sport Policy and the Cultural Cold War: The Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential Years, Journal of Sport History, 33, 3 (2006), 27397Google Scholar; Sarantakes, Nicholas Evan, Dropping the Torch: Jimmy Carter, the Olympic Boycott, and the Cold War (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011)Google Scholar; Rider, Toby, Cold War Games: Propaganda, the Olympics and U.S. Foreign Policy (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2016)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Wagg, Stephen and Andrews, David, eds., East Plays West: Sport and the Cold War (London: Routledge Publishing, 2007)Google Scholar; Dichter, Heather and Johns, Andrew, eds., Diplomatic Games: Sport, Statecraft, and International Relations Since 1945 (Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 2014)Google Scholar. Hungary's Olympic dream 'killed' by political upstarts, says PM Orban the Hungarian canoeist who made headlines when he defected to the West during the Games. Their son, Bryan, walked on at USC in a quintessentially American sport, basketball. In 1984, a San Diego newspaper hired Romanian sportswriter Vladimir Moraru as a translator. 45 Szcs Sndor, 3 Mar. What made the Kdr Era? Dihasilkan sendiri oleh kumpulan itu, ia adalah album melonjak genre yang diterangkan oleh Muse sebagai "album hit terdiri daripada lagu baharu". Kende, Mi trtnt, 9. 19 The 3-T phrase comes from the Hungarian words for support, toleration and prohibition. This contrasts with the experience of athlete-defectors from East Germany. 89 The Committee's purpose was to determine how to compete and act at the Olympics. For some athletes and coaches, the Games have also offered avenues to defect. He went on to become U.S. Olympian, serving as coxswain of the men's eight that won gold at the 1964 Games. Marie Provaznikova, a Czech who was President of the International Gymnastics Federation, was the first person to defect from the Olympics. They later divorced. He worked as a lifeguard in Virginia, then as a masseur in the Bay Area. Andre Laguerre and members of the Sports Illustrated via Getty Images . . Fewer and fewer cities want to host the Olympics. List of Soviet and Eastern Bloc defectors - Wikipedia There was still a faint scar over his right eye, a reminder of the incident that made his face the iconic image of Hungary's "blood-in-the-water" defeat of the Soviet Union in Melbourne. Everything that is happening now absolutely wasnt in my plans, she said. 21 On the American side of the defections, see Toby Rider, Cold War. The steeplechaser said he felt conditions at home seemed to be getting worse, according to the news outlet. 38 People used different kinds of connections to obtain access to hard-to-find goods and services. Parks, Olympic Games, xviixx, 4. At 77 he still serves on the ski patrol at HoliMount Ski Area near his home in Lawtons, N.Y. As the best English speaker on the SI tour, Martin found himself quoted so often that he feared he'd be punished as a ringleader if he were to return to Hungary. (2003), Magyarorszg a Jelenkorban (Budapest: 1956 Institute), 917, 12Google Scholar. During the 1996 Atlanta Games, Afghanistan's flag bearer, boxer Jawid Aman Mukhamad, sought asylum in Canada. Both fled because Nikita Khrushchev, the Soviet leader, had been ousted from. The AP reports that 13 fans from Eastern European Communist countries also escaped. He competed in two more Olympics, winning another gold in Tokyo, then served as coach as Hungary won Olympic gold in 1976 and three world titles. 84 Rainer, Jnos, The Reprisals, New Hungarian Quarterly, 33, 127 (1992), 11827, 122Google Scholar. But Provaznikova said she was a political refugee and proud of it.. 71 K, Andrs, Lszl Tbori, A Biography: The Legendary Story of the Great Hungarian Runner (Sarasota: First Edition Design Publishing, 2015), 103Google Scholar. However, there is little information on who they were, where they were from, and where they went. Now 75, he still coaches 12-year-old swimmers when not selling aquatics supplies and running a pistol range near Stockton, Calif. "My neighbors are cows," he says, "but if I were to win the lottery, I'd probably stay right here.". 53 Several swimmers and a cyclist were shot at while attempting to defect in August 1956, although it is not clear if the authorities knew that they were athletes. Were fine, calm, feeling hopeful about our new lives, player Yenier Bermdez told the Herald. Will of the People (album) - Wikiwand Szzad, Hall a szerelmrt; Mikls Fejr, interview with the author and Pter Galambos, 4 June 2015, Budapest, Hungary. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. Here is what became of the Hungarian athletes and coaches who defected after the 1956 Melbourne Games. 20 Gyrgy Pteri provides an excellent analysis of how Hungary's concerns about its external legitimacy impacted the state's participation in a 1958 international exposition, and the handling of a writer who had contacts with Imre Nagy but was tasked with creating a Hungarian pavilion at the 1958 show. Belarusian Olympic sprinter Krystsina Tsimanouskaya received a Polish visa on Aug. 2, after refusing to fly back to her country out of fear for her safety. 43 They were both married to other people, and he had two children. 34 Attila Csszri, interview with the author, Budapest, 20 May 2015. Of Cameroons 37 competing athletes, seven went missing, some in the middle of the night from the Olympic Village a womens soccer team goalkeeper, a swimmer and five boxers. ANCHORAGE, Alaska, Oct. 26 (AP)A 22yearold Hungarian Olympic athlete who defected to the West was turned over to Air Force authorities today to receive transportation to Washington, D.C . Hungary at the Olympics - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Missing Athletes Join Long List Of Olympic Defectors : NPR My focus on Hungary contributes to a recent call from sport scholars to examine moments of cooperation in Cold War sport in new places in Europe, and not just regarding the major players of the era. The CIA and the Cultural Cold War (London: Granta Books, 1999)Google Scholar; Rider, Cold War Games, 1123. He learned to run as a kid during World War II, when he'd bolt for his life after stealing food from occupying German soldiers. She chose to defect in part because of a failing marriage to her first husband, former Olympic boxer Matyas Plachy, from whom she kept her decision a secret. George Domolky, for his part, never looked back after getting a taste of the West: He joined the SI tour, then fenced at Stanford and got his MBA from Cal. After a few months' stay, she moved to the US where she taught PE and lived to be 100. The report says that the Soviet players told this to the Yugoslav players, who then reported it to the Hungarian players. An Olympic Defector's Chronicle." This retired naval architect still . vilghbor utn A kommunista diktatra viszonya a hazai labdargkhoz 1956-ig, Palette: I. j- s Jelenkortrtni Tudomnyos Dikkonferencia, ELTE BTK j- s Jelentkori Magyar Trtneti Tanszk, The Communist Rule in Polish Sport History, Romania at the Olympics: Women Gymnasts as Ambassadors in Sportswear, 1950s1970s, The People's Game: Football, State and Society, Des sordides actes de spculation: traces de circulations conomiques dans les dlgations sportives sovitiques (19671982), Sport Under Communism: Behind the East German Miracle, Beyond Boycotts: Sport during the Cold War in Europe, The Whole World Was Watching: Sport in the Cold War, The Emergence of Europe-Wide Collaboration and Cooperation: Soviet Sports Interactions in Europe. Render date: 2023-03-04T05:46:50.315Z A photo of him in Tokyo with the medal hanging from his neck dominates the lobby of the Vesper Boat Club in Philadelphia, where he coached for years. . Lidia went on to win gold in Tokyo and silver in Rome and Mexico City, then earn her phys-ed degree and coaching certification before working as a sportswriter and co-writing books on aesthetic movement and gymnastics. 1957, 32. Hungarian Olympic Triumph! Earlier that year, the Communist Party had taken control of Czechoslovakia with Soviet support. Kimia Alizadeh beat Team Great. Tsimanouskaya says Belarusian Olympic authorities tried to force her to fly back to Belarus after she criticized the countrys Olympic officials. Works that focus significantly on the Bloc's top-down sport politics include Ungerleider, Steven, Faust's Gold: Inside the East German Doping Machine (New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2001)Google Scholar; Mertin, Evelyn, Presenting Heroes: Athletes as Role Models for the New Soviet Person, The International Journal of the History of Sport 26, 4 (2009), 46983CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Grant, Susan, Physical Culture and Sport in Soviet Society: Propaganda, Acculturation, and Transformation in the 1920s and 1930s (New York: Routledge, 2013)Google Scholar; Szikora, Katalin, Sport and the Olympic Movement in Hungary (19451989), in Waic, Marek ed., The Shadow of Totalitarianism: Sport and the Olympic Movement in the Visegrd Countries 19451989 (Prague: Charles University, 2015), 13395Google Scholar; Tabi, Norbert, Futball s politika kapcsolata Magyarorszgon a II. But many remained in their adopted country. Arpad would knock off his day job at five, then hammer away until after midnight. 8 Robert Edelman similarly discusses the understanding and compromise that British and Soviet leaders developed in sport. 46 Norbert Tabi, A Futballistaper: Szcs Sndor vlogatott labdarg kivgzsnek trtnete, Rubicon: Trtnelmi Magazin, XXV, 262, (July 2014), 2833, 31. One of the largest numbers of asylum seekers at an Olympics were the Hungarians who defected during the 1956 Games in Melbourne. Members of the Football team that was withdrawn from competition before the Games defected to Australia and settled.