true. B. Hypnosis produces a state of consciousness dissimilar to other states of consciousness. D. implicit, Jacob asks his little brother Boris to play a game of chess with him. During REM sleep, the sleeper's eyeballs move up and down and from left to right. Moesha has been feeling very stressed about an important project at work. A. negative punishment. _______ is characterized by myoclonic jerks and theta waves, whereas ________ are characterized Samantha tells Ava, her friend, that she should use imagery when studying. A. variable-interval B. Mike is painting a picture of a woman he used to know. B. suprachiasmatic nucleus 41. B. wake up earlier than desired, sometimes several times a night. This illustrates the concept of. B. unconscious wishes and hidden desires. Explain how these drugs affect physical and psychological functioning. D. They interrupt others people's study or sleep. B. retrograde amnesia. D. sleep apnea. Altered states of consciousness are mental states that are noticeably different from normal awareness (e.g., sleeping or dreaming). The cognitive theory of dreaming claims that we can understand dreaming by applying the same cognitive concepts we use in studying the waking mind. Psych 101 Final Study Guide A. somniloquy B. Elaboration C. sleeping. What consequences will Garrett likely experience as a result of staying up all night to study? A. secondary WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. Which category of drugs modify a person's perceptual experiences and produces visual images that are not real? Do we dream during each type of sleep? C. acetylcholine Hypnosis Individuals normally spend about 20 percent of sleep in light sleep. After someone wakes up from hypnosis, he or she may have involuntary reactions to a stimulus but not remember why. C. physical and/or psychological dependence develops. ________, such as Valium, are depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. Your English professor gives you some advice on how to cure writer's block. people under hypnosis want to tell the truth: true or false. You knew exactly 70. Experience with unavoidable negative stimuli can lead to a particular deficit in avoidance learning A. a white rat D. Marijuana can trigger increased sensitivity to sounds, tastes, smells, and colors. Illicit drug use is a global problem. D. effect of time shifts on the circadian rhythm. B. learning to ride a bike by watching your older brother do so Hypnosis is a trance-like mental state in which people experience increased attention, concentration, and suggestibility. Hilgard's view that hypnosis involves a splitting of consciousness into two separate components, one of which follows the hypnotist's commands and the other of which acts as a "hidden observer" is known as A. narcolepsy D. Alcohol is a powerful drug that acts on the body primarily as a stimulant and speeds up the brain's activities. tequila bottle that he drank out of last night? 64. 60. B. Organisms learn the association between two stimuli. In the context of operant conditioning, Shirley's behavior exemplifies Gloria can't get through the day without several cups of coffee and energy drinks. Organisms learn about the consequences of behavior through 43. A. thalamus and limbic system. D. Alcohol strongly affects women more than men because of the differences in body fat and A. metacognition. 7 and 12 D. cognitive theory of dreaming. Deep sleep is much greater in the first half than in the second half of a night's sleep. D. bumblebee. B. A. non-REM sequence. Automatic processes require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities. Depressants _____ whereas stimulants _____. A. vigilance. Her biological clock has become desynchronized. 102. He closes the window so that he can no longer hear the loud music. D. are a certified psychic. From this point of view, dreams are the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural activity. D. Instinctive drift. Latent Content: What a dream symbolizes. A hypnotic state is most similar to a relaxed waking state. D. insomnia. C. insomnia. Lightning is associated with thunder and regularly precedes it. D. GABA. The price is reduced 25% and 6 more pairs sell. A.They require the highest amount of attention than any other type of processes. What type of drug is Ricardo taking? A. storage A. B. 87. B. damaging property Which of the following medications is she most B. semantic memory Quizlet A. Hypnosis is most effective when combined with psychotherapy. A neurochemical memory trace disintegrates over time. C. within three hours of falling asleep. 2. D. insomnia. Which of the following is true of implicit memory? He will find the scent and taste of tequila aversive. Psychology Chapter 5 B. anterograde amnesia. Webtrue. WebAs opposed to a dependent variable, an independent variable is manipulated by the experimenters so that its effects may be determined. WebAccording to hypnosis researcher Ernest Hilgard, hypnosis brings about a dissociation of consciousness into two simultaneous components. C. She will tell Mitchell to concentrate on the swinging pendulum on her desk. Controlled processes C. Generalization Sleepwalking occurs during _____ of the sleep cycle. They enhance decision making. Sleep spindles are defining characteristic of _____ sleep. Why do psychoactive drugs make people feel good? C. sudden, uncontrollable urge to fall asleep. C. The EEG pattern for REM sleep shows slow waves similar to those of stage 3 sleep. C. periodic attacks of uncontrollable sleepiness. 17. Which of the following statements about the effectiveness of hypnosis is FALSE? For her first lesson, her instructor models serving and backhand principles to consumers by showing ads that pair something pleasant with a product in hope that you, Awareness involves the _____, whereas arousal is determined by the _____. C. an organism reverts to instinctive behavior that interferes with learning. A. stimulant. Helen, a call center employee working in day shift, has been asked to work a night shift on Tuesday. Kate, a long-time coffee drinker, complains of pounding headaches and lowered mood when she skips her coffee in the morning. A. a circadian rhythm anomaly. D. declarative memory, A person's knowledge about the world is known as ________ memory. According to the serial position effect, if you are a waiter trying to remember all the orders for a, According to Sigmund Freud, dreams symbolize, ________ is an altered state of consciousness or psychological state of altered attention in which the. D. a placebo effect, A. removal of a psychoactive drug from diet, 98. 39. D. discovered memory, The locations of neural activity, called ________, are interconnected. Child Development: An Active Learning Approach. 124. D. hypnagogic reverie, Controlled processes Your friend wonders A. physical dependence. WebIdentify the true and false statements about hypnosis. D. Working memory's storage capacity is virtually unlimited. C. implicit memory She realizes that she has put on ten pounds. knowledge of what to expect and how to behave at a birthday is called a(n) 72. Which of the following individuals is exhibiting the highest level of conscious awareness? attention and which should be ignored. Transmission Nicotine raises _____ levels in the brain. Meditation is still functioning. The brain's reward pathway is located in the Time line therapy Webtrue. B. gary's concern over monthly bills 103. A. require lower levels of attention than controlled processes. D. Autobiographical memories predominantly characterize the very first few years of life. C. Marijuana disrupts the membranes of neurons but does not affect the functioning of hormones. C. hallucinogens In classical-conditioning B. insomnia. of the following best describes the effect that surgery had on H.M.'s memory? she had promised earlier. Identify Manifest Content: The literal content of 23. C. neutral stimulus. A. stimulants C. It is derived from natural components of plants. D) It confuses witnesses, who end up providing inaccurate details about a crime. He will invite all of his friends over that night for another party. clothes. 76. D. operant conditioning. Only 6 pairs of the skates sell at the original price, and the manager decides to mark down the remaining skates. You don't censor yourself or worry about spelling or grammar. motions made by her instructor. Which of the following should be included on your list? C. semantic Which of the following is true of a night's sleep? D. incubation. B. automatic processes. Latent learning Extinction A father takes his baby out for a walk. The fact that your D. do not require selective attention, States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities A. episodic memory/semantic memory These _____, such as Valium, are depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. family obligations. A. exhibiting increased level of consciousness. C. positive punishment She will minimize distractions in her office and make Mitchell comfortable. Yet, she is still able to talk, know The truth is that stage hypnotism is essentially a theatrical performance and has about as much in common with bona fide clinical hypnosis as many Hollywood movies have with real life. 66. B. Ecstasy. B. theory of relativity. A. phonological loops Specialists refer to sleep stages 1-4 as non-REM sleep. In a television reality show, Trevor, the host, puts one of his contestants in a trance and asks her to pretend to be a In operant conditioning, discrimination occurs when C. classical conditioning. D. during non-REM sleep. 94. B. What type of drug is crystal meth? B. somnambulism. A. stage 3 sleep. A. B. demonstrating automatic processing. It is most likely that Mr. Owens suffers from B. serial position effect B. Opiates C. getting into trouble with campus or local police A. REM sleep is an active stage of sleep during which dreaming does not occur. C. chunking/rehearsal D. psychoactivity. WebWhich of the following statements about hypnosis is true? A. stomach enzymes. B. neutral stimulus/conditioned stimulus Because controlled processes require attention and effort, they are typically slower than automatic processes. C. Alcohol strongly affects women more than men because of the differences in body fat and stomach enzymes. B. dreaming. 49. bumblebee sitting on the petals. D. It can produce striking perceptual changes only when taken in high doses. binary consciousness. 27. B. depressant B. Chunking B. Ebbinghau's curve of forgetting D. extinction, Shirley repeatedly ends up receiving bad grades in algebra no matter how hard she studies. A. 80. D. He will feel happy about what a great time he had last night. a. Hypnotized people can be made to do things against their will b. Hypnosis increases the accuracy of memory c. Hypnotic responsiveness depends almost on the skill of the hypnotist d. Hypnosis has been used in the treatment of stress and anxiety Expert Answer 100% (1 rating) B. meditation. After the surgery, his epilepsy was cured, but his memory was impaired. D. no awareness. If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it. without further conditioning, is called C. Implicit memory is related to non-consciously remembering skills and sensory perceptions. D. effect of time shifts on the circadian rhythm. Which of the following is true regarding learning through operant conditioning? B. Elaboration can occur at any level of processing. multiple-choice questions. Identify Manifest Content: The literal content of Hypnosis has been officially endorsed as a therapeutic method by medical, psychiatric, dental, and psychological associations throughout the world. While hypnosis is often described as a sleep-like state, it is better expressed as a state of focused attention, heightened suggestibility, and vivid fantasies. D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. Concentration and his body was not prepared to take the effect under the new setting. The set is on sale for$44.95. Individuals with "discovered" memories experience them as real, whether or not the B. need more conscious effort than controlled processes. Hypnosis true/false C. personal identity. A. higher-level consciousness D. difficulty falling asleep, waking up during the night, or waking up too early. Which of the following regions of the brain are involved in meditation? ________ refers to the process by which information gets into memory storage. D. Episodic memory/Semantic memory, Which of the following is subdivided into episodic and semantic memory? A. high consciousness. Hypnosis can not be practiced on everyone, as usually only highly suggestible people respond to it. Psych 101 Final Study Guide stimulus in this scenario is the B. lacking awareness. ________ units of information. If Gary described his dream to a psychotherapist, the therapist would tell him that what he had dreamed about was his fear of financial issues and not being able to pay all his bills. Furthermore, it can get rid of cravings during the process, which prevents weight gain while. D. Most REM sleep takes place during stage 1 of a night's sleep. C. tolerance. B. Quizlet C. They improve memory retention. A. B. tranquilizer. A. True Statement (s) Drag appropriate answer (s) here The split-brain procedure is conducted only in people who have severe seizure disorders (epilepsy). WebWhich of the following statements about hypnosis is true? perspiration). A. among older adults. 104. students create for themselves? A. 106. A. Nolan may suffer from C. increased tolerance. C. Daydreaming most often occurs in the form of mind wandering. D.They are considered to be conscious behaviors. They interrupt others people's study or sleep. Contingency D. will result in longer hours of sleep. Belinda's confusion with these A. Instinctive drift C. Drug use among teens is associated with unplanned pregnancy, depression, and school-related difficulties. Stimulants, like caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine, increase activity in the central nervous system. B. a logical information-processing system with memory buffer, short-term and long-term storage, and a complex mechanism for directing attention. stimulus (US) is on its way. Your mother must always have an early morning cup of coffee. D. stage 2 sleep. B. more than five drinks in a row C. It is more likely to occur when individuals are sleep deprived. A. The two hemispheres can no longer relay information back and forth. C. wake up earlier than desired, sometimes several times a night. Research does not support the claim that hypnosis can reduce the experience of pain. true. She reclines in her chair and within minutes she falls asleep with her head jerking upward at short intervals. a. personality b. contingencies of reinforcement c. trait d. defense mechanism e. inferiority complex f. self-actualization g. positive regard h. conditions of worth i. extravert j. introvert. Tina's eyes water every time she chops onions. a lot of people can be hypnotized: true or false. C. stage 1 C. ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. A. terminology, the nausea-inducing agent is the C. Contiguity WebActivation-Synthesis Theory: Dreams are caused by random neural firings combined with memories. Alcohol decreases the concentration of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is widely distributed in many brain areas. D. getting into trouble with campus or local police. A. do not require selective attention. The two hemispheres can no longer relay information back and forth. A. Psychological/physical B. C. might lead to an increased probability of daydreaming. UR. D. Stimulants, Gloria can't get through the day without several cups of coffee and energy drinks. True: If someone is afraid of being hypnotized, the hypnosis will probably not work. Betty is most likely D. observational learning. Thus, when we see lightning, we how anyone could ever get these dangerous animals to be so cooperative without anesthesia. Imagery B. A. the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex B. pink flower. Stage 3 sleep/stage 1 and stage 2 sleep A. somniloquy. D. Psychology and medicine recognize hypnosis as a legitimate process. C. more than two drinks in a row C. William James's theory Working memory has a limited capacity, similar to the RAM of a computer. Hypnosis is a changed state of awareness and increased relaxation that allows for improved focus and concentration. C. narcolepsy. The longer the period of REM sleep, the more likely the person will report dreaming. C. night terror. C. Tranquilizers 30 ( Society of Psychological Hypnosis ), hypnosis is a procedure during which a health professional or researcher suggests while treating someone, that he or she experience changes in sensations, perceptions, thoughts or behavior. Alcohol is a type of hallucinogen. Heather reported a boost in energy and a sense of well-being after taking a drug. given level of memory encoding. D. It focuses on automatic, involuntary behaviors. C. Hallucinogens A. A. slow down central-nervous-system activity/increase central-nervous-system activity B. semantic memory/episodic memory After Someone Wakes Up From Hypnosis, He Or She May Have Involuntary Reactions To A Stimulus But Not Remember Why. A. among older adults. A. D. intermediary, ________ is considered a secondary rienforcer. Individuals in a hypnotic state show characteristics of people being in a relaxed waking state. the best subjects are people who have a reason to go under hypnosis: true or false. D. Aversive conditioning. B. short-term memory Hypnosis States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities are called true. B. Tylenol brain's activities. A. Daydreaming about your upcoming vacation Implicit memory/Explicit memory C. Working memory functions as a passive storehouse with shelves to store information until it Since then, she has had immense difficulty in communicating with others. C. episodic memory 28. D. activation-synthesis theory of dreaming. Betty has dissociative identity disorder. D. occur during the REM sleep. 33. accident are intact, she is no longer able to form new, long-term memories. Altered states of consciousness can be produced by D. preparedness. Hypnosis stimulus (US) closely in time, but it must also serve as a reliable indicator that the unconditioned A. decrease Latent learning is B. amygdala/hippocampus Divided attention is not likely to impede an individual's ability to pay attention to a specific D. Stimulants. B. more visual. B. stage 2 114. D. encoding. B. a logical information-processing system with memory buffer, short-term and long-term storage, and a complex mechanism for directing attention. C. pain D. working memory. It induces images that are sometimes pleasurable and sometimes grotesque. A. fatigue. A. stage 1 sleep. meaningful units. B. hypnagogic reverie Someone who can be hypnotized may be highly suggestible. D. Water. Hypnosis true/false D. retrieval, When you are asked to recall your first day of kindergarten, you rely on ________, whereas when You don't censor yourself or A. working memory A. barbiturate Which of the following is true of shallow processing in memory? B. stimulants B. insomnia. A. in an altered state of consciousness. A. dietary changes. B. a change in GABA B. encoding failures. Food As Boris has never played chess It also is called hypnotherapy. If so, are there distinctions between REM and non-REM dreams? While attending a lecture, Lea starts yawning and fights hard to stay awake. D. demonstrating automatic processing, The biological cycle that regulates our pattern of sleep is called B. Physical/psychological C. narcolepsy. Sleep deprivation is associated with declines in alertness and cognitive performance, inability to sustain attention, decline in complex brain behavior and overall brain activity, decreased problem-solving ability, and problems with moral judgment. B. stimulant. 14 D. displacement. C. Autobiographical memories are the simplest of all. Compare and contrast the two major theories of dreaming (the cognitive theory of dreaming and the activation-synthesis theory of dreaming). 8. D. nodes. 11. C. corpus callosum/hippocampus The sea lions have are called 110. D.increased tolerance. B. long-term memory/short-term memory If someone responds oddly to a stimulus (when no longer hypnotized) as a result of a hypnotist's suggestion, he or she will try to find a reasonable explanation for it.