Res. This compromised screening for cancer, with a reduction of about 35% in new diagnoses28. Baqui, P., Bica, I., Marra, V., Ercole, A. Expected Impact . Bars, organized by major regions, show changes for the states. Rev. Our results point to an overall widening of the femalemale gap in e0 of 0.6 years in Brazil (9.1% increase). We compared the gap in life expectancy between males and females in the period life tables constructed for 2019 and 2020 (Methods). ]}JazX HuEYW0l n5!R?VF|-ww!OHq3G,a@n:X%~m=}WW[ll_oq After recording the highest number of monthly COVID-19 deaths in April 2021, transmission remains extremely high, with about 2,000 daily deaths but a very slow immunization rollout. A. Our mission was, and remains, to change the way energy is made and used in. Here, we assumed that individuals who did not die of COVID-19 in the first 4 months of 2021 would be subject to the 2019 age group-specific and sex-specific mortality rates. By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. Italian Institute for Environmental Responsible for the full life-cycle of the first infotainment system in the market, AutoPC built with Microsoft. Rahimi, A. Life Cycle Assess. Article Lotta, G., Wenham, C., Nunes, J. Accept all achievement motivation scale manual Manage preferences. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminoncol.2020.12.002 (2021). 63/174,000 (filed April 13, 2021). The results from both of these experiments demonstrate that the equilibrium lies far towards the esterification product. 2b). The Guardian. Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Marcia C. Castro,Susie Gurzenda&Sun Kim, Demography Department, Cedeplar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA, Office of Population Research and Princeton School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA, You can also search for this author in interpreted the data. To compute the total persons-years lived for 2020, we added the monthly contributions. conceived the research. We calculated nRx, the age-specific and sex-specific ratio of deaths from all causes other than COVID-19 to deaths inclusive of COVID-19. Polym. Smith, D. W. & Bradshaw, B. S. Variation in life expectancy during the twentieth century in the United States. To probe whether the hydrophobic side chains also push the equilibrium towards esterification, atomistic simulations were used (Supplementary Information pgs S27S29)46,47. Ventura, D. F. L., Giulio, G. M. & Rached, D. H. Lessons from the Covid-19 pandemic: sustainability is an indispensable condition of global health security. 9w%?>Jb(o.IACt"`. Sci. Error bars are derived from an average of two experiments. LIFE-2022-SAP-NAT-NATURE Gamta ir biologin vairov (angl. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Nature Medicine (Nat Med) July 4, 2022 life 2021 sap nat naturebritish white cattle for sale in washingtonbritish white cattle for sale in washington 1 0 obj J. Macromol. Further information on research design is available in the Nature Research Reporting Summary linked to this article. - Experienced in end-to-end order management process using SAP <br>- More than fourteen (14) years of experience on data analysis, which provides strategic and tactical support to Real Estate documents from various counties in the United States<br>- Self-motivated, results-oriented, and able to work with minimal supervision<br>- Possess proven problem solving abilities and very strong . To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Nature 1b and Supplementary Table 2)5. Sonication has previously been used to chain-shorten high-molar mass polymers with various backbone architectures31,32, including polyacrylic acid33, and has been used at scale34. We calculate three sets of estimates of life expectancy decline but argue that those based on the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020, which include all reported deaths in those 2 years, are the most defensible because they do not depend on accurate classification of cause of death, determination of whether the death was directly or indirectly due to COVID-19 or assumptions about independence among causes. (September 20, 2016). Fourth, the economic crisis that hit Brazil in 2014 has contributed to increases in mortality35, poverty and inequality36. These results suggest that the substrate hydrophobicity also favors conversion to the ester. LIFE 2021 - 2027 Webinar First, we obtained mid-year population projections for 20182020 and abridged life tables estimated for 20002020 by state, age and sex from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica, or IBGE, in Portuguese) (https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/population/18176-population-projection.html). Diabetes Res. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Several environmental impact categories were examined, but particular attention was paid to the global warming potential (GWP) and cumulative energy demand (CED). Peer review information Nature Medicine thanks Pedro Hallal, Usama Bilal and Vladimir Canudas Romo for their contribution to the peer review of this work. of 2-ethylhexanol and H2SO4 as a catalyst (Fig. The dataset provides the age and sex structure of hospitalized COVID-19 deaths, and frequent updates are made publicly available by the Ministry of Health (https://opendatasus.saude.gov.br/nl/dataset). Nat. Arena, U., Ardolino, F. & Gregorio, F. D. Technological, environmental and social aspects of a recycling process of post-consumer absorbent hygiene products. Here, chemical transformations are used to convert waste polymers into other value-added materials, delaying their entry into the waste stream. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. served as a sounding board throughout the project. J. Phys. To estimate total deaths in the presence of COVID-19, we used different methodological approaches. 5)49,50. As of 9 June 2021, COVID-19 has officially claimed more than 3.7 million lives worldwide, 48% of which were in the Americas. endobj Fundao Oswaldo Cruz. Blackwhite risk differentials in COVID-19 (SARS-COV2) transmission, mortality and case fatality in the United States: translational epidemiologic perspective and challenges. Teikti paraik ia. Through a multidisciplinary approach, the project intends to improve the conservation status of Caretta caretta, thanks to the establishment of an international network, through the use of the best shared techniques and the use of a monitoring system. Proven ability to identify and interpret a. https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/publications/the-new-plastics-economy-rethinking-the-future-of-plastics-catalysing-action (2017). JAMA 324, 13911392 (2020). Chazovachii, P.T., Somers, M.J., Robo, M.T. Public Health Nutr. The evergreen broadleaved shrubs were shorter in height (3.06 0.99 m) than palm-leaved life forms (19.29 5.39 m). Am. J. Adhes. A life cycle assessment was used to compare the routes that involved (i) no sonication, (ii) sonication for 1min (2.5% w/v) and (iii) sonication for 2min (5.0% w/v), including the workup steps, and will be described in more detail below. Instead, we envisioned a 23 step method from crosslinked sodium polyacrylate: (i) acid-catalyzed or base-mediated decrosslinking to generate linear polymers, (ii) optional sonication to lower the molar mass, and (iii) functionalizing via esterification to generate tack (Fig. Report 19: the potential impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on HIV, TB and malaria in low- and middle-income countries. In a previous paper, we described the spatiotemporal patterns of the spread of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Brazil18. J. Appl. M.C.C., N.G., T.A. CAS As of 25 May 2021, 20 of the 27 capital cities have intensive care unit occupancy above 80% (half of those above 90%)20. Although durability and strength are advantages of synthetic polymers, these properties are also responsible for their environmental persistence4,5,6. The South was the last region to be severely hit by COVID-19 in 2020 (ref. Internet Explorer). The crosslinks were first hydrolyzed using 0.3M aq. Sonochem. This year, there is 598 million available for nature conservation, environmental protection, climate action, and clean energy transition projects. Degrad. d, Number of COVID-19 deaths in 2020 per 100,000 people by state (Methods). EXPERIENCE 15 years of experience in Shared Services, BPO, Finance, Business and Investment. Manag. A summary of findings and implications of these estimates is shown in Table 1. 109, 57555798 (2009). We have included these important steps in our life cycle assessments, however, our syntheses utilized the more readily accessible samples of superabsorbent polymer used to manufacture diapers at P&G. Clean. Programme for Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) ID: LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE: Types of action: LIFE Project Grants: Deadline model: single-stage: Opening date: 13 July 2021: Deadline date: 30 November 2021 17:00:00 Brussels time . Holmes, L. et al. Of the gains achieved in e0 in Brazil over 2 decades, 19% were lost due to COVID-19 (Supplementary Table 8). The materials, equipment, synthetic methods, as well as all processed data generated in this study are provided in the Supplementary Information file. To achieve the necessary cohesive and holding strength for a PSA, the polymer (after esterification) should have a Mw>400kg/mol25,36. B Biol. et al. Hogan, A. et al. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2019-11/documents/2017_facts_and_figures_fact_sheet_final.pdf (2019). The aim of the project is the conservation of Caretta caretta, in the western Mediterranean basin, from threats related to human disturbance in the nesting sites. Slider with three articles shown per slide. Correspondence to Z., Sohail, N., Hayes, R. L. & Brooks, C. L. Overcoming challenging substituent perturbations with multisite -dynamics: A case study targeting -secretase 1. As a consequence, there is an intrinsic, limiting molar mass for each polymer below which further chain scissions are unlikely to occur. M.S. <> To probe the role of both solvent and substrate hydrophobicity, we used two different substrates (acetic versus undecanoic acid) and solvents (ethanol versus 2-ethylhexanol). In both cases, the nonamers were solvated in a 3:1 butanol/water mixture to mimic the most challenging esterification conditions. Reaction conditions and yields for acid-catalyzed esterification of poly(acrylic acid), acetic acid, and undecanoic acid. {o"yQr8"2ioFq[V Although some cities temporarily closed some businesses in response to the unprecedented COVID-19 surge in early 2021, no financial support was provided from January to March 2021. 364, 19851998 (2009). Wernet, G. et al. 3a). Protection and Research, The Kick-off meeting of the LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE TURTLENEST project will be held on January 20 in Rome, at the Legambiente headquarters. (In contrast to this assumption, the potential dependence between COVID-19 and other causes might lead to modified probabilities of dying from other causes if COVID-19 were eliminated or added as a cause of death.) Google Scholar. I\{vd^TC{3SR ZL]hXSU}HcQnVH~;kJ{r]%44FG>~iOq|_nK.u2AMr4P'1Lc3FwMEEet8uU6BmgM1jH#Nip $jmVP->Y$FB4|Kf }Y For example, high degrees of esterification were observed via 1H NMR spectroscopy when using only 5 equiv. Because this recycling method should be amenable to waste polymer as the feedstock, it offers a more sustainable alternative to diaper disposal in a landfill or incineration. https://virological.org/t/first-reported-cases-of-sars-cov-2-sub-lineage-b-1-617-2-in-brazil-an-outbreak-in-a-ship-and-alert-for-spread/706 (2021). Semin. A conscientious employee, willing to learn new skills, open to instruction and feedback with a background in varied product, process and people management. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. life-2021-sap-nat nature #life 2021 sap env gov #life-2021-sap-nat nature #life 2021 ta pp env sip #Life Call #life programme 2021 #LIFE Program #call for proposals climate change 2021 #life 2021 strat two stage Heuveline, P. & Tzen, M. Beyond deaths per capita: comparative COVID-19 mortality indicators. Given a growing emphasis on sustainability within the polymer industry, including calls to increase the circularity of polymer production12, this LCA provides an important metric for evaluating approaches to polymer recycling. Health 9, e782e792 (2021). The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis outperformed the base-mediated hydrolysis by a factor of 10 on both global warming potential and cumulative energy demand. U.S. Patent 2,917,538 (December 15, 1959). For both DT20 and DT19, after estimating the ratio of non-COVID-19 deaths to all-cause deaths, we then used this ratio to estimate the counterfactual life tables in which COVID-19 was eliminated and COVID-19 was included, respectively. It is also the case that the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 could encompass secular changes unrelated to the pandemic. 100th Anniversary of macromolecular science viewpoint: redefining sustainable polymers. Experienced Manager with a demonstrated history of working in the computer software industry. a, Ratio of COVID-19 deaths reported in 2021 (January-April) to those reported in 2020 (%). SAP Certified with fifteen years of SAP development experience in UK and New Zealand. . Chem. Within the first 15h, we observed a substantial drop (more than two orders of magnitude) in viscosity, after which point no further changes were observed. Programme: Programme for Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) . 2 Topics under the 2021 call 1. !J8Di,t1@'l:fBHM?bG)z6PRIq\QiA#J%B,yd6:$U drJH!e+Lal#fl&|5v{@V:"`as[#!S/`GoQd&~^lsv)rp. We also calculated state inequalities in life expectancy, measured as the difference between the lowest and the highest state life expectancy, to assess changes due to COVID-19 (Methods). Ranzani, O. T. et al. MRS Bull. Slider with three articles shown per slide. Rev. Philos. Defined and directed strategic marketing and go-to-market plans. 276, 123350 (2020). While catalytic depolymerization methods20 can, in principle, proceed without side-chain degradation, they have not yet been demonstrated for commercial sources of polyacrylic acid. Upgrading of postconsumer absorbent hygiene products for bioethanol production. Internet Explorer). Estimates are presented by sex and state, and we measured and compared changes across states and in femalemale gaps in life expectancy. 7 years of experience in SAP GL-MDM, SAP MDG and SAP ECC (Cost Center, Profit Center & General Ledger). PubMedGoogle Scholar. An alternative recycling route known as chemical recycling was developed to address these challenges8,9,10,11. & van der Schaar, M. Ethnic and regional variations in hospital mortality from COVID-19 in Brazil: a cross-sectional observational study. However, this approach can lead to low yields due to competitive ester hydrolysis41,42 and catalyst deactivation by water43. Scope: A large study showed a higher risk of death 6 months after COVID-19 diagnosis, even among those who did not require hospitalization34. Formal training in customer service with. First, as our main specification, we constructed period life tables that considered deaths by state, sex and age group. In contrast, few studies have examined recycling of the sodium polyacrylate superabsorbent polymers. 8, 1450414510 (2020). endobj 4 0 obj wrote the codes for analysis. https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/cdha/latinmortality/wp-content/uploads/book_Ch2.pdf (2015). We removed 2,689 (0.20%) and 2,722 (0.18%) records in 2019 and 2020, respectively, that did not have information on sex and/or age. We used death rates from all causes (including COVID-19) to calculate single-decrement life tables in 2019 and 2020. %PDF-1.7 These records, aggregated at the state level, are publicly available by date on the website (https://brasil.io/covid19/). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01437-z, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01437-z. Collias, D. I. et al. Article The resulting polymers were isolated in ~97% yield (over the two steps). Locations: Colorado; Nevada, Jersey City, NJ; New York City, NY; Ithaca, NY and Westchester County, NY. Proposals under this topic must address EU Nature and Biodiversity legislation compliance assurance and access to justice by:- establishing new or, where in place, enhancing existing cross-border, national or regional networks of compliance assurance practitioners or experts; and/or establishing or, where in place, improving professional Effect of economic recession and impact of health and social protection expenditures on adult mortality: a longitudinal analysis of 5565 Brazilian municipalities. In Ullmans Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. J. Environ. Reaction conditions for base-mediated and acid-catalyzed decrosslinking reactions with LCA comparison. b, Gap (in years) in state e0 and e65 in 2019 and 2020, calculated as the difference between the largest and smallest life expectancy among states (Methods). Catal. performed all wet-lab experimental work under the guidance of A.J.M. To monitor this process, we measured changes in the complex viscosity over time. Rede PENSSAN. The estimated decline for Brazil was 0.94 years for both sexes, 0.66 years for females and 1.17 years for males. J. Org. SEARCH OTHER FUNDING OPPORTUNITIES OR REGISTER TO ACCESS ALL THE INFORMATION AND R&D PROJECTS OPPORTUNITIES IN YOUR AREAS OF INTEREST, Proposals under this topic must address EU Nature and Biodiversity legislation compliance assurance and access to justice by:- establishing new or, where in place, enhancing existing cross-border, national or regional networks of compliance assurance practitioners or experts; and/or establishing or, where in place, improving professional qualifications and training to improve compliance with binding EU legal instruments on nature and biodiversity, through promoting, checking and enforcing compliance, or- applying the polluter pays principle, using a mix of administrative law, criminal law and environmental [], What is Public Health 17, 4322 (2020). Plots of storage (G) versus loss (G) moduli for poly(2-ethylhexylacrylate) (a), including visualization of Changs viscoelastic window, and of the cumulative energy demand (CED) and global warming potential (GWP) for each route (b). One of the pitfalls of diaper recycling pilots is the low demand for recovered diaper materials, which depreciates the environmental potentiality of such endeavors14. Soil Environ. Hone, T. et al. Castro, M.C., Gurzenda, S., Turra, C.M. Manaus, the capital of Amazonas, observed a very high attack rate after the first wave of the pandemic in 2020 (ref. Chang, E. P. Viscoelastic windows of pressure-sensitive adhesives. Natl Acad. You can alreadyfind all information and documentation needed at theFunding & Tenders Portal, includingthe call text and application forms. JAMA 324, 510513 (2020). NaOH and mild heating (Fig. 44, 11491154 (1979). Mechanically-induced chemical changes in polymeric materials. Next, undecanoic acid was esterified under the same conditions, yielding 100% ester for 2-ethylhexanol/water and 85% for ethanol/water. Fifth, reductions in the health budget and changes in the health financing model are likely to affect health outcomes40. Article ISPRA is responsible for the geomorphological characterization of the nesting sites and analysis for land planning and management, the geomorphological and chemical characterization of the sites and the drafting of guidelines on the management of coastal erosion for the suitability of the nesting habitat.The project partnership is composed of: Anton Dohrn Zoological Station; University of Rome La Sapienza; Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Balmes University Foundation, Spain; National Organization of Italian Dogs; Cestmed, France; Basilicata Region; Puglia region; Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Toscana; Lazio region; Campania Region; ISPRA- Italy. Sodium polyacrylate-based superabsorbent materials used in disposable diapers and feminine hygiene products have been challenging to recycle through either open- or closed-loop processes. 916 (Springer International Publishing AG, 2018). <>/Metadata 190 0 R/ViewerPreferences 191 0 R>> In this work, we report a mild and efficient synthetic route for open-loop recycling the acrylic-based superabsorbent material used in diapers.